sap abap interview questions and answers for experienced pdf--CLICK HERE
106 Top SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers:2) What do you mean by an ABAP data dictionary?
3) Explain the difference between pool tables and transparent tables?
4) What do you mean by BDC (Batch Data Communications) programming?
5) Describe the data classes?
6) What are the internal tables?
7) List down the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?
8) What is a foreign key relationship?
9) In ABAP what are the differences between table and structure in data dictionary?
11) What are the components of SAP scripts?
12) How to create ‘table cluster’?
13) How can you format the data before write statement in the report?
14) Explain the difference between Template and Table?
15) Mention what is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?
16) When do we use End-of-selection?
17) Mention the difference between ABAP and OOABAP? In what situation do you use OOABAP?
18) What is table buffer? Which type of tables used this buffer?
19) What is the use of ‘pretty printer’?
20) What is the difference between ‘Type’ and ‘Like’?
21) What are the different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences?
22) Explain the difference between dialog program and a report?
23) What is lock object?
24) How data is stored in cluster table?
25) How can you debug a script form?
26) What are different types of data dictionary objects?
27) What are the ways you can do the tuning? What are the major steps will you use for these?
28) In the ‘select’ statement what is ‘group by’?
29) What is dispatcher?
30) Mention what are the two methods of modifying SAP standard tables?
31) What is the difference between a ‘Database index’ and a ‘Match code’?
32) Explain the benefits of modularization technique?
33) How can you create callable modules of program code within one ABAP/4 program?
34) What are different types of parameters? How can you distinguish between different kinds of parameters?
35) What are the different databases Integrities?
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
ANS:-
max,min values provided in selection screens.
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
ANS:-
select options provide ranges where as parameters do not.
SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table which is automatically filled with values or ranges
of values entered by the end user. For each SELECT-OPTIONS , the system creates a selection table.
SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>.
A selection table is an internal table with fields SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH.
The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of <field>.
The SIGN field can take the following values: I Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply)
The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less
than or equal NB Not between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern.
diff:-
PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into an internal field within a report.
SELECT-OPTIONS allow users to fill an internal table with a range of values.
For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you should define text elements by choosing
Goto – Text elements – Selection texts – Change.
Eg:- Parameters name(30).
when the user executes the ABAP/4 program,an input field for ‘name’ will appear on the selection screen.You can change the comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as described in Selection Texts.
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report?
And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
ANS:-
validate :- by using match code objects.
display :- Parameters <name> default ‘xxx’.
select-options <name> for spfli-carrid.
39. What are selection texts?
ANS:-
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
ANS:-
The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape.
This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.
For practical information on working with the Change and Transport System, see Change and Transport Organizer and Transport Management System.
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
ANS:-
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
ANS:-
43. Are programs client dependent?
ANS:-
Yes.Group of users can access these programs with a client no.
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
ANS:-
SY-SUBRC,SY-DBCNT,SY-LILLI,SY-DATUM,SY-UZEIT,SY-UCOMM,SY-TABIX…..
SY-LILLI IS ABSOLUTE NO OF LINES FROM WHICH THE EVENT WAS TRIGGERED.
45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table?
How to use a specific number occurs statement?
ANS:-
i)It is a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program.
They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.
ii)using SY-DBCNT.
iii)The number of memory allocations the system need to allocate for the next record population.
46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs?
Performance of ABAPs can be improved by minimizing the amount of data to be transferred.
The data set must be transferred through the network to the applications, so reducing the amount OF time and also reduces the network traffic.
Some measures that can be taken are:
– Use views defined in the ABAP/4 DDIC (also has the advantage of better reusability).
– Use field list (SELECT clause) rather than SELECT *.
– Range tables should be avoided (IN operator)
– Avoid nested SELECTS.
i)system tools
ii)field symbols and field groups.
ans:-
Field Symbols : Field symbols are placeholders for existing fields. A Field Symbol does not physically reserve space for a field,but points to a field which is not known until runtime of the program.
eg:- FIELD-SYMBOL <FS> [<TYPE>].
Field groups : A field group combines several fields under one name.At runtime,the INSERT command is used to define which data fields are assigned to which field group.
There should always be a HEADER field group that defines how the extracted data will be sorted,the data is sorted by the fields grouped under the HEADER field group.
47. What are datasets?
ANS:-
The sequential files(ON APPLICATION SERVER) are called datasets. They are used for file handling in SAP.
48. How to find the return code of a statement in ABAP programs?
ANS:-
Using function modules.
49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP?
ANS :
CONVERSION : LEGACY SYSTEM TO FLAT FILE.
INTERFACE : FLAT FILE TO SAP SYSTEM.
50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?
51. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs?
Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why?
52. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?
ANS:-
To read data from a database tables we use logical database.
A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program.
adv:-
The programmer need not worry about the primary key for each table.Because Logical database knows how the different tables relate to each other,and can issue the SELECT command with proper where clause to retrieve the data.
i)An easy-to-use standard user interface.
ii)check functions which check that user input is complete,correct,and plausible.
iii)meaningful data selection.
iv)central authorization checks for database accesses.
v)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic.
disadv:-
i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur.
ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event
statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
53. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report?
ans:-
AT LINE-SELECTION,AT USER-COMMAND,AT PF.
54. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?
ans:-
55. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP/4 query tool?
56. What are the functional areas? User groups? and how does ABAP/4 query work in relation to these?
57. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP/4 query?
59. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them?
60. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?
ans:-
we will look into the error log file (SM35).
61. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions?
ANS:-
We look into the list of incorrect session and process it again. To correct incorrect session we analyize the session to determine which screen and value produced the error.For small errors in data we correct them interactively otherwise
modify batch input program that has generated the session or many times even the datafile.
62. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs?
ans:-
go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps(JOB SCHEDULING)
63. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run?
64. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relavent table for that?
65. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages?
ans:-
Yes.
66. What is a currency factoring technique?
68. What is SAPscript and layout set?
ans:-
The tool which is used to create layout set is called SAPscript. Layout set is a design document.
69. What are the ABAP/4 commands that link to a layout set?
ans:-
control commands,system commands,
70. What is output determination?
71. What are IDOCs?
ans:-
IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the messages as a container.
72. What are screen painter? menu painter? Gui status? ..etc.
ans:-
dynpro – flow logic + screens.
menu painter –
GUI Status – It is subset of the interface elements(title bar,menu bar,standard tool bar,push buttons) used for a certain screen.
The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction.
73. What is screen flow logic? What are the sections in it? Explain PAI and PBO.
ans:-
The control statements that control the screen flow.
PBO – This event is triggered before the screen is displayed.
PAI – This event is responsible for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the pushbutton.
74. Overall how do you write transaction programs in SAP?
ans:-
Create program-SE93-create transcode-Run it from command field.
75. Does SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called?
76. What are step loops? How do you program pagedown pageup in step loops?
ans:-
step loops are repeated blocks of field in a screen.
77. Is ABAP a GUI language?
ANS:-
Yes.
ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE.
78. Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written?
What is the XXXXXTOP program?
ans:-
ABAP/4 program.
DYNPRO
79. What are the include programs?
ANS:-
When the same sequence of statements in several programs are to be written repeadly they are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in ABAP/4 programs.
80. Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program?
ans:- Yes- only external subroutines Using ‘SUBMIT’ statement.
81. What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precations are needed?
82. What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side?
83. What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs?
ANS:-
Should start with Y or Z.
84. How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requrements?
ans:-
SLDB-F4.
85. How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures?
ans:-
Transcode is entered in command field to open the table.Utilities-Table contents-display.
86. How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP?
ans:-
87. What are the different modules of SAP?
ans:-
FI,CO,SD,MM,PP,HR.
89. How do you get help in ABAP?
ans:-
HELP-SAP LIBRARY,by pressing F1 on a keyword.
90. What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences?
ans:-
91. What are the different elements in layout sets?
ans:-
PAGES,Page windows,Header,Paragraph,Character String,Windows.
92. Can you use if then else, perform ..etc statements in sap script?
ans:-
yes.
93. What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data?
94. How do you number pages in sapscript layout outputs?
95. What takes most time in SAP script programming?
ANS:-
LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION.
96. How do you use tab sets in layout sets?
97. How do you backup sapscript layout sets? Can you download and upload? How?
98. What are presentation and application servers in SAP?
ANS:-
The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server.
99. In an ABAP/4 program how do you access data that exists on a presentation server vs on an application server?
ans:-
i)using loop statements.
ii)flat
100. What are different data types in ABAP/4?
ans:-
Elementary –
predefined C,D,F,I,N,P,T,X.
userdefined TYPES.
ex: see in intel book page no 35/65
Structured –
predefined TABLES.
userdefined Field Strings and internal tables.
101. What is difference between session method and Call Transaction?
ans:-
102. Setting up a BDC program where you find information from?
ans:-
103. What has to be done to the packed fields before submitting to a BDC session.
ans:-
fields converted into character type.
104. What is the structure of a BDC sessions.
ans:-
BDCDATA (standard structure).
105. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table.
ans:-
program,dynpro,dynbegin,fnam,fval.
106. What do you define in the domain and data element.
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